What do I do first if my water heater is leaking?
Turn off the water supply to the heater and the power at the breaker, or the gas control on a gas unit. Keep people and pets away from the unit, move anything valuable that is in the water and call a crew. Do not touch a hot tank or the drain valve until it has cooled.
The supply valve is usually on the cold-water line above the unit. Turning it closed stops new water from entering the tank, and it reduces the flow from the leak. If you cannot find the valve, or if it will not close, shut off the main.
For an electric heater, switch the breaker off. For a gas heater, turn the control to the off position. If you smell gas, leave the building and call the gas utility from outside. Photograph the leak, the water line on the floor and the wall before anything is moved.
Can the water heater be repaired or does it need replacing?
A leaking tank usually has to be replaced, because its wall or seam is the failure point. A leaking drain valve or fitting may be repaired. A plumber or appliance technician decides which applies, and the restoration crew does not repair the unit.
A crack or a pinhole in the tank wall cannot be sealed in a way that lasts, so the unit is replaced. A drain valve that is worn or clogged can often be replaced on its own, but the tank's age and condition decide whether that is worth doing.
Ask the plumber to tell you in writing what has failed and what the repair involves. That note belongs with the restoration record, because it explains why the leak happened and what was done to stop it.
What makes a water heater leak job cost more or less?
The amount of water, the materials it reached, the location of the unit and whether stored items or a furnace are close by all shape the work. The price for each stage is explained and approved before it starts. No figure is given on this page.
A small wet area in an open cellar is a quick job. A unit in a tight closet with drywall, trim and shelving around it takes longer, because the crew must open the wall to read the cavity and remove the wet materials. Access and the distance from the drain also change the time on site.
The replacement of the unit is priced by the plumber or appliance technician, separately from the restoration work. The crew's stage covers the water removal, the readings, any cuts and the drying. Each stage is named on the first visit and approved before it starts.
Why do I need a moisture check under the unit?
Water runs under a heater's base and into the sill plate, the subfloor and the wall behind the unit, where a surface check can miss it. Moisture readings in those spots show whether the framing and the floor are dry, and they tell the crew where it needs to cut or dry in place.
A tank that sits on a wood platform or on a cellar floor can keep water against the wood for a long time. The water wicks into the base of the wall and the joists nearby. A floor that looks dry on top can be wet beneath, so the readings are taken in the wood, not just on the surface.
If the wall behind the unit shows readings above the dry standard after the floor has dried, the crew will open a small access point. Those cuts are placed where they can be patched later, and their locations are recorded for the repair.
Should I worry about gas or fumes near a leaking heater?
A gas water heater needs a qualified check before it is used again, because water can affect the burner, the controls and the venting. If you smell gas or see soot, leave the building and call the gas utility. Do not light the unit until a professional has said it is safe.
Water that has reached the burner compartment, the controls or the gas valve can cause damage that is not visible from outside. The gas utility or a qualified technician checks the unit before it is returned to service, and the restoration crew records that the check was made.
Keep the area around the unit clear of stored fuel and combustibles while it is out of service. Do not store anything against the gas unit or its vent until the work is complete and the unit is confirmed safe.